Edward Said

"Look at situations as contingent, not as inevitable, look at them as the result of a series of historical choices made by men and women, as facts of society made by human beings, and not as natural or god-given, therefore unchangeable, permanent, irreversible."

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Source: Edward W. Said (2007). “The Edward Said Reader”, p.378, Vintage

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Edward Said

Edward Said

Literary Theorist, Critic, and Author

Edward Said was a Palestinian-American scholar and literary critic known for his influential work 'Orientalism,' which critiques Western representations of the East.

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Edward Said Literary Theorist, Critic, and Author

"Every empire, however, tells itself and the world that it is unlike all other empires, that its mission is not to plunder and control but to educate and liberate."

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Edward Said Literary Theorist, Critic, and Author

"The sense of Islam as a threatening Other - with Muslims depicted as fanatical, violent, lustful, irrational - develops during the colonial period in what I called Orientalism. The study of the Other has a lot to do with the control and dominance of Europe and the West generally in the Islamic world. And it has persisted because it's based very, very deeply in religious roots, where Islam is seen as a kind of competitor of Christianity."

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Edward Said Literary Theorist, Critic, and Author

"The Orient that appears in Orientalism, then, is a system of representations framed by a whole set of forces that brought the Orient into Western learning, Western consciousness, and later, Western empire.... The Orient is the stage on which the whole East is confined. On this stage will appear the figures whose role it is to represent the larger whole from which they emenate. The Orient then seems to be, not an unlimited extension beyond the familiar European world, but rather a closed field, a theatrical stage affixed to Europe."

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Edward Said Literary Theorist, Critic, and Author

"Orientalism can be discussed and analyzed as the corporate institution for dealing with the Orient—dealing with it by making statements about it, authorizing views of it, describing it, by teaching it, settling it, ruling over it: in short, Orientalism as a Western style for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient."

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Edward Said Literary Theorist, Critic, and Author

"You cannot continue to victimize someone else just because you yourself were a victim once—there has to be a limit"

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